In a medium bowl, whisk together the all-purpose flour, baking powder, baking soda, kosher salt, ground cinnamon, and ground cardamom until combined. Set aside.

In a large mixing bowl, combine melted unsalted butter, dark brown sugar, and granulated sugar. Mix until smooth. Add the egg, an extra yolk, and vanilla extract; whisk until glossy.

Gradually add the dry mixture to the wet ingredients, stirring gently until no dry flour is visible. The dough will be thick and slightly sticky.

Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and refrigerate the dough for at least 2 hours to enhance flavor and prevent spreading.

Preheat oven to 350°F (180°C) and line baking sheets with parchment paper.

Once chilled, scoop tablespoon-sized portions and roll them into balls. Roll each ball in granulated sugar.

Place sugar-coated balls on baking sheets, spaced 2 inches apart, and bake for 10-12 minutes until golden brown, soft in the center.